The Journey within Photosynthesis (10 Key Points)

• It all begins with two hydrogen molecules covalent bonding with a oxygen molecule
• When an electron is lost in an element, it is called oxidization 
• When an electron is gained in an element, it is called reduction 
• In order for PSII and PSI to gain electrons, it needs sunlight to get excited and oxidized
•  The action of getting the electron from water molecule is called photolysis
• As NADP becomes oxidized, it takes 1 hydrogen molecule and becomes NADPH, the other H+ is released into the environment
• Adenine bonds with two phosphate molecules to form the adenine diphosphate (ADP)
• ADP synapse and ADP spins fast for the hydrogen to pass through the filter to exit the leaf
• The transformation of hydrogen slows down the spinning
• A 3rd phosphorus molecule comes in and takes the diphosphate, forming (ATP)
  

Fetal Pig Dissection

Right before we start a new unit in grade 12 biology, we had a fetal pig dissection in this homeostasis unit.
The purpose of this dissection is to know and closely examine different body systems - Nervous system, Endocrine system and Urinary system.

This is how the lab began.
The first task was to determine the gender of our fetal pig.

We counted the number of toes and examined the inside of the mouth.

We located the taste buds on the side of the tongue 

Our second task was to cut open the abdominal and thoracic cavity of the fetal pig and identify structures.

We start to see different organs after we cut open the abdomen

The third task was to isolate organs inside the abdominal cavity and observe them.

 The isolation of the stomach 

 Here we have the biggest organ in the fetal pig - the Liver

 The Spleen is a long tongue-like organ

 The pancreas can be easily damaged 

 The small intestine consists of - duodenum, ileum, cecum

 The kidneys are located in the dorsal point of the fetal pig

 This is the cross-section of the kidney

 Ovary

- This concludes the first day of the dissection-

Second day of fetal dissection begins

Task four, dissection of the thoracic cavity.

 The diaphragm can be seen right below the chest cavity

 

We started cutting open the chest cavity and discovered the pair of lungs and the heart under it.

         The Heart

   

The Cross-Section of the heart

 

The Thyroid gland looks like a V-shaped structure and it lies atop of the trachea

After the dissection of the Thoracic Cavity, Mr Chung gave us another task, isolate the brain off the skull.

Task five, dissection of the brain.

 The skull is really hard and tough to cut open

           Success!

Final task, dissection of the eye.

                                   

We had to cut away the skin and obtain the eye ball from its socket

 The retina can be clearly seen after the cross-section 

The fetal pig has a biconvex lens 

Woah that was a long post, overall the dissection was a success and it is really interesting to see different organs up-close and examine them.